https://hcommons.org/members/muhammadakram/activity/ Activity feed for Muhammad Akram. Sat, 04 Apr 2026 18:43:54 -0400 https://buddypress.org/?v=10.6.0 en-US 30 hourly 2 d0f39a442d1bfe92be603a9faeb8e3ed https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1732240/ Mon, 22 Mar 2021 02:24:36 -0400 Pakistan’s religious leaders, ulama, have been put under significant strain in relation to how to deal with questions about the political tensions and violence over the past decade flowing from the Taliban’s role in the conflict in Afghanistan and Pakistan. The effects of this fraught environment on religious authority can be seen through the way…[Read more]

]]> 0 f0bcfa676bb406a26ccb4dde7ac6e529 https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1732239/ Mon, 22 Mar 2021 02:24:35 -0400 Pakistan’s religious leaders, ulama, have been put under significant strain in relation to how to deal with questions about the political tensions and violence over the past decade flowing from the Taliban’s role in the conflict in Afghanistan and Pakistan. The effects of this fraught environment on religious authority can be seen through the way…[Read more]

]]> 0 10dd3e1aff6a1921e74b2696bba5e83b https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1732238/ Mon, 22 Mar 2021 02:24:24 -0400 Pakistan’s religious leaders, ulama, have been put under significant strain in relation to how to deal with questions about the political tensions and violence over the past decade flowing from the Taliban’s role in the conflict in Afghanistan and Pakistan. The effects of this fraught environment on religious authority can be seen through the way…[Read more]

]]> 0 ea651e16e1efc4d2db19bc17765534eb https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1732237/ Mon, 22 Mar 2021 02:24:21 -0400 This paper discusses the issue of the relationship between theology and religious studies, drawing on certain principles of Hans-Georg Gadamer's hermeneutical theory. Leaving aside differences between Gadamer and his critics, it is argued that his rehabilitation of prejudice, authority, and tradition as well as his notions of the fusion of…[Read more]

]]> 0 79737d0fa364a41368d090e61cf6fa46 https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1732236/ Mon, 22 Mar 2021 02:24:14 -0400 This paper discusses the issue of the relationship between theology and religious studies, drawing on certain principles of Hans-Georg Gadamer's hermeneutical theory. Leaving aside differences between Gadamer and his critics, it is argued that his rehabilitation of prejudice, authority, and tradition as well as his notions of the fusion of…[Read more]

]]> 0 c2b5a3b28c67d33d9266099b37e7ebab https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1732235/ Mon, 22 Mar 2021 02:24:13 -0400 This paper discusses the issue of the relationship between theology and religious studies, drawing on certain principles of Hans-Georg Gadamer's hermeneutical theory. Leaving aside differences between Gadamer and his critics, it is argued that his rehabilitation of prejudice, authority, and tradition as well as his notions of the fusion of…[Read more]

]]> 0 9ab16686f3a5cc032d22964944722f62 https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1732234/ Mon, 22 Mar 2021 02:23:58 -0400 This paper discusses the issue of the relationship between theology and religious studies, drawing on certain principles of Hans-Georg Gadamer's hermeneutical theory. Leaving aside differences between Gadamer and his critics, it is argued that his rehabilitation of prejudice, authority, and tradition as well as his notions of the fusion of…[Read more]

]]> 0 bef4834bead1140eb2d7169ba66c6264 https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1732233/ Mon, 22 Mar 2021 02:23:55 -0400 This paper discusses the issue of the relationship between theology and religious studies, drawing on certain principles of Hans-Georg Gadamer's hermeneutical theory. Leaving aside differences between Gadamer and his critics, it is argued that his rehabilitation of prejudice, authority, and tradition as well as his notions of the fusion of…[Read more]

]]> 0 88a8183b8ad058a56df0fc3b8d7a4426 https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1732232/ Mon, 22 Mar 2021 02:23:46 -0400 Though the ritual of fasting is common to most of the known religious traditions, its practice and symbolic value may vary considerably. This paper aims at a comparative study into the meaning and significance of this ritual with special reference to the three Semitic religions namely Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Some interesting similarities…[Read more]

]]> 0 d8ed96a63f794edc43571c512b139c92 https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1732231/ Mon, 22 Mar 2021 02:23:44 -0400 Though the ritual of fasting is common to most of the known religious traditions, its practice and symbolic value may vary considerably. This paper aims at a comparative study into the meaning and significance of this ritual with special reference to the three Semitic religions namely Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Some interesting similarities…[Read more]

]]> 0 f78a53f09810d120bb6ec49d97060c2c https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1732230/ Mon, 22 Mar 2021 02:23:43 -0400 Though the ritual of fasting is common to most of the known religious traditions, its practice and symbolic value may vary considerably. This paper aims at a comparative study into the meaning and significance of this ritual with special reference to the three Semitic religions namely Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Some interesting similarities…[Read more]

]]> 0 c341ffd4e155d33746a022273d7a82f4 https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1732229/ Mon, 22 Mar 2021 02:23:38 -0400 Though the ritual of fasting is common to most of the known religious traditions, its practice and symbolic value may vary considerably. This paper aims at a comparative study into the meaning and significance of this ritual with special reference to the three Semitic religions namely Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Some interesting similarities…[Read more]

]]> 0 a49e8eec0faf0f2e7f945437ed801ddc https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1732112/ Sun, 21 Mar 2021 09:23:18 -0400 Pakistan’s religious leaders, ulama, have been put under significant strain in relation to how to deal with questions about the political tensions and violence over the past decade flowing from the Taliban’s role in the conflict in Afghanistan and Pakistan. The effects of this fraught environment on religious authority can be seen through the way…[Read more]

]]> 0 0bd731e758a551ed44d2ce74ff1e56de https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1732110/ Sun, 21 Mar 2021 09:13:06 -0400 This paper discusses the issue of the relationship between theology and religious studies, drawing on certain principles of Hans-Georg Gadamer's hermeneutical theory. Leaving aside differences between Gadamer and his critics, it is argued that his rehabilitation of prejudice, authority, and tradition as well as his notions of the fusion of…[Read more]

]]> 0 d0ada641f69eaa0ce4e52a0ae774517e https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1732109/ Sun, 21 Mar 2021 09:02:06 -0400 Though the ritual of fasting is common to most of the known religious traditions, its practice and symbolic value may vary considerably. This paper aims at a comparative study into the meaning and significance of this ritual with special reference to the three Semitic religions namely Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Some interesting similarities…[Read more]

]]> 0 ebdaef19df37c842a529edfe4e205e9f https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1731589/ Tue, 16 Mar 2021 02:26:39 -0400 This paper deals with the Sufi shaykh Haji Imdad Allah Muhajir Makki's (1817-1899) efforts for conciliation of different strands of Muslim religious thought in the late nineteenth century with particular reference to his main work on this theme-a short treatise titled Faisalah-i Haft Mas'alah (literally: A Resolution of the Seven Controversies).…[Read more]

]]> 0 db1ac67b06a8ebf628595b361571f27e https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1731588/ Tue, 16 Mar 2021 02:26:37 -0400 This paper deals with the Sufi shaykh Haji Imdad Allah Muhajir Makki's (1817-1899) efforts for conciliation of different strands of Muslim religious thought in the late nineteenth century with particular reference to his main work on this theme-a short treatise titled Faisalah-i Haft Mas'alah (literally: A Resolution of the Seven Controversies).…[Read more]

]]> 0 92548653f99e44b9d19f5ee1944bbed8 https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1731587/ Tue, 16 Mar 2021 02:26:36 -0400 This paper deals with the Sufi shaykh Haji Imdad Allah Muhajir Makki's (1817-1899) efforts for conciliation of different strands of Muslim religious thought in the late nineteenth century with particular reference to his main work on this theme-a short treatise titled Faisalah-i Haft Mas'alah (literally: A Resolution of the Seven Controversies).…[Read more]

]]> 0 6c3fb2368e80c6d66f368d179699e451 https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1731586/ Tue, 16 Mar 2021 02:26:25 -0400 This paper deals with the Sufi shaykh Haji Imdad Allah Muhajir Makki's (1817-1899) efforts for conciliation of different strands of Muslim religious thought in the late nineteenth century with particular reference to his main work on this theme-a short treatise titled Faisalah-i Haft Mas'alah (literally: A Resolution of the Seven Controversies).…[Read more]

]]> 0 a1388b48b7d5219541bda9b460a22815 https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1731585/ Tue, 16 Mar 2021 02:26:16 -0400 Religion, language, and race have been among the most crucial factors behind the formation of various national and communal identities in modern South Asian history. Just like the political division of British India, the complex interplay of these factors also culminated in a bifurcation of linguistic boundaries along the religious lines according…[Read more]

]]> 0 85cc5f163167bb2d57eb686b453bcf98 https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1731584/ Tue, 16 Mar 2021 02:26:14 -0400 Religion, language, and race have been among the most crucial factors behind the formation of various national and communal identities in modern South Asian history. Just like the political division of British India, the complex interplay of these factors also culminated in a bifurcation of linguistic boundaries along the religious lines according…[Read more]

]]> 0 4b7df0be8d02113be16fcf4054d3e92c https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1731583/ Tue, 16 Mar 2021 02:26:13 -0400 Religion, language, and race have been among the most crucial factors behind the formation of various national and communal identities in modern South Asian history. Just like the political division of British India, the complex interplay of these factors also culminated in a bifurcation of linguistic boundaries along the religious lines according…[Read more]

]]> 0 801125622b54e6ff395d64d18a8022bd https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1731582/ Tue, 16 Mar 2021 02:26:12 -0400 Religion, language, and race have been among the most crucial factors behind the formation of various national and communal identities in modern South Asian history. Just like the political division of British India, the complex interplay of these factors also culminated in a bifurcation of linguistic boundaries along the religious lines according…[Read more]

]]> 0 b858f82c327cea94816ef5f7571a76da https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1731581/ Tue, 16 Mar 2021 02:25:58 -0400 Religion, language, and race have been among the most crucial factors behind the formation of various national and communal identities in modern South Asian history. Just like the political division of British India, the complex interplay of these factors also culminated in a bifurcation of linguistic boundaries along the religious lines according…[Read more]

]]> 0 5e14b96ccd01b533801916b32233aa78 https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1731485/ Mon, 15 Mar 2021 15:56:24 -0400 This paper deals with the Sufi shaykh Haji Imdad Allah Muhajir Makki's (1817-1899) efforts for conciliation of different strands of Muslim religious thought in the late nineteenth century with particular reference to his main work on this theme-a short treatise titled Faisalah-i Haft Mas'alah (literally: A Resolution of the Seven Controversies).…[Read more]

]]> 0 cf2dae9db6d25ccb20990d518108c8ac https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1731482/ Mon, 15 Mar 2021 15:47:18 -0400 Religion, language, and race have been among the most crucial factors behind the formation of various national and communal identities in modern South Asian history. Just like the political division of British India, the complex interplay of these factors also culminated in a bifurcation of linguistic boundaries along the religious lines according…[Read more]

]]> 0 68876daf3dbb100864ab7a701952dda7 https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1731424/ Mon, 15 Mar 2021 02:23:54 -0400 Three types of academic sources are crucial for understanding the Hindu tradition in our times: a) scriptures and the classical texts that are available mostly in Sanskrit b) works in the English language produced by orientalists, religious studies scholars, and some modern Hindu religious leaders themselves, and c) writings of…[Read more]

]]> 0 a8d39e9ed2fe86aa0282979304942e6b https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1731423/ Mon, 15 Mar 2021 02:23:53 -0400 Three types of academic sources are crucial for understanding the Hindu tradition in our times: a) scriptures and the classical texts that are available mostly in Sanskrit b) works in the English language produced by orientalists, religious studies scholars, and some modern Hindu religious leaders themselves, and c) writings of…[Read more]

]]> 0 5a848ddc0f33bcde0af24128066821d4 https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1731422/ Mon, 15 Mar 2021 02:23:51 -0400 Three types of academic sources are crucial for understanding the Hindu tradition in our times: a) scriptures and the classical texts that are available mostly in Sanskrit b) works in the English language produced by orientalists, religious studies scholars, and some modern Hindu religious leaders themselves, and c) writings of…[Read more]

]]> 0 5a848ddc0f33bcde0af24128066821d4 https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1731421/ Mon, 15 Mar 2021 02:23:51 -0400 Three types of academic sources are crucial for understanding the Hindu tradition in our times: a) scriptures and the classical texts that are available mostly in Sanskrit b) works in the English language produced by orientalists, religious studies scholars, and some modern Hindu religious leaders themselves, and c) writings of…[Read more]

]]> 0 1b9ad9ea3cdca5df9adcd8054efb2a8a https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1731420/ Mon, 15 Mar 2021 02:23:38 -0400 Three types of academic sources are crucial for understanding the Hindu tradition in our times: a) scriptures and the classical texts that are available mostly in Sanskrit b) works in the English language produced by orientalists, religious studies scholars, and some modern Hindu religious leaders themselves, and c) writings of…[Read more]

]]> 0 814f28a01c763601a31f2bf1dc91c69c https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1731297/ Sun, 14 Mar 2021 05:19:17 -0400 Three types of academic sources are crucial for understanding the Hindu tradition in our times: a) scriptures and the classical texts that are available mostly in Sanskrit b) works in the English language produced by orientalists, religious studies scholars, and some modern Hindu religious leaders themselves, and c) writings of…[Read more]

]]> 0 b04cf9191496da3c23016825cb2820b4 https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1730872/ Wed, 10 Mar 2021 02:23:53 -0500 Objective. The purpose of this study was to adapt and validate the New Indices of Religious Orientation Revised (NIROR) scale, which has been developed in different cultural settings, for a study of Pakistani university students. The NIROR was developed by Francis, Fawcett, Robbins, and Stairs (2016), consisting of 27 items for Canadian-Christian…[Read more]

]]> 0 dc73b2da1947f221a88e2e0360f16dda https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1730871/ Wed, 10 Mar 2021 02:23:52 -0500 Objective. The purpose of this study was to adapt and validate the New Indices of Religious Orientation Revised (NIROR) scale, which has been developed in different cultural settings, for a study of Pakistani university students. The NIROR was developed by Francis, Fawcett, Robbins, and Stairs (2016), consisting of 27 items for Canadian-Christian…[Read more]

]]> 0 bc86add81c1ee8eebe92a928d666a394 https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1730870/ Wed, 10 Mar 2021 02:23:38 -0500 Objective. The purpose of this study was to adapt and validate the New Indices of Religious Orientation Revised (NIROR) scale, which has been developed in different cultural settings, for a study of Pakistani university students. The NIROR was developed by Francis, Fawcett, Robbins, and Stairs (2016), consisting of 27 items for Canadian-Christian…[Read more]

]]> 0 9952dad923c92aef8893ec5fce071c1f https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1730725/ Tue, 09 Mar 2021 11:02:31 -0500 Objective. The purpose of this study was to adapt and validate the New Indices of Religious Orientation Revised (NIROR) scale, which has been developed in different cultural settings, for a study of Pakistani university students. The NIROR was developed by Francis, Fawcett, Robbins, and Stairs (2016), consisting of 27 items for Canadian-Christian…[Read more]

]]> 0 964c9079651930f6e8cc7f106d87851e https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1730695/ Tue, 09 Mar 2021 02:24:37 -0500 Muslim study of religions before modern times has claimed the attention of some modern Western scholars. At least three developmental phases of this nascent discursive field are discernable. Firstly, Western views of Muslim writings on different religions started appearing as prefaces, marginal notes, and introductions to the edited manuscripts…[Read more]

]]> 0 4cfeb02b6ac8f2e3b297d93eaf937fc5 https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1730694/ Tue, 09 Mar 2021 02:24:30 -0500 Muslim study of religions before modern times has claimed the attention of some modern Western scholars. At least three developmental phases of this nascent discursive field are discernable. Firstly, Western views of Muslim writings on different religions started appearing as prefaces, marginal notes, and introductions to the edited manuscripts…[Read more]

]]> 0 8c44b1778ffc2a187cfb28efaaa9daa2 https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1730693/ Tue, 09 Mar 2021 02:24:29 -0500 Muslim study of religions before modern times has claimed the attention of some modern Western scholars. At least three developmental phases of this nascent discursive field are discernable. Firstly, Western views of Muslim writings on different religions started appearing as prefaces, marginal notes, and introductions to the edited manuscripts…[Read more]

]]> 0 c5095c1c90b139fcdb1605133b7ca01e https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1730692/ Tue, 09 Mar 2021 02:24:18 -0500 Muslim study of religions before modern times has claimed the attention of some modern Western scholars. At least three developmental phases of this nascent discursive field are discernable. Firstly, Western views of Muslim writings on different religions started appearing as prefaces, marginal notes, and introductions to the edited manuscripts…[Read more]

]]> 0 8c725c35cc9939c18715981411f49062 https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1730691/ Tue, 09 Mar 2021 02:24:14 -0500 Muslim study of religions before modern times has claimed the attention of some modern Western scholars. At least three developmental phases of this nascent discursive field are discernable. Firstly, Western views of Muslim writings on different religions started appearing as prefaces, marginal notes, and introductions to the edited manuscripts…[Read more]

]]> 0 64ec80cc02c105a7dd04c7b318ebc5f5 https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1730690/ Tue, 09 Mar 2021 02:24:06 -0500 The Muslim study of religions has claimed the attention of some modern Western scholars. Patrice C. Brodeur, a scholar of religious studies, based at the University of Montreal, is one of them. He delves into the historical realities and epistemological developments that shaped the Muslim study of other religions in the past as well as in…[Read more]

]]> 0 dbf47209fcfeca51e628127a84efaa7c https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1730689/ Tue, 09 Mar 2021 02:23:59 -0500 The Muslim study of religions has claimed the attention of some modern Western scholars. Patrice C. Brodeur, a scholar of religious studies, based at the University of Montreal, is one of them. He delves into the historical realities and epistemological developments that shaped the Muslim study of other religions in the past as well as in…[Read more]

]]> 0 894d121ff52c997de849cd1400c953c4 https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1730688/ Tue, 09 Mar 2021 02:23:58 -0500 The Muslim study of religions has claimed the attention of some modern Western scholars. Patrice C. Brodeur, a scholar of religious studies, based at the University of Montreal, is one of them. He delves into the historical realities and epistemological developments that shaped the Muslim study of other religions in the past as well as in…[Read more]

]]> 0 e80cbc77a769d0a79e8e51071cae211b https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1730687/ Tue, 09 Mar 2021 02:23:44 -0500 The Muslim study of religions has claimed the attention of some modern Western scholars. Patrice C. Brodeur, a scholar of religious studies, based at the University of Montreal, is one of them. He delves into the historical realities and epistemological developments that shaped the Muslim study of other religions in the past as well as in…[Read more]

]]> 0 a8aa4701ae2ad16b288f703837ebaeab https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1730686/ Tue, 09 Mar 2021 02:23:39 -0500 The Muslim study of religions has claimed the attention of some modern Western scholars. Patrice C. Brodeur, a scholar of religious studies, based at the University of Montreal, is one of them. He delves into the historical realities and epistemological developments that shaped the Muslim study of other religions in the past as well as in…[Read more]

]]> 0 942d1be488941bb0d53058bbf4016d1b https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1730508/ Mon, 08 Mar 2021 09:17:21 -0500 The Muslim study of religions has claimed the attention of some modern Western scholars. Patrice C. Brodeur, a scholar of religious studies, based at the University of Montreal, is one of them. He delves into the historical realities and epistemological developments that shaped the Muslim study of other religions in the past as well as in…[Read more]

]]> 0 325e619a17cb85780b4b9ef069859dd6 https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1730506/ Mon, 08 Mar 2021 09:03:18 -0500 Muslim study of religions before modern times has claimed the attention of some modern Western scholars. At least three developmental phases of this nascent discursive field are discernable. Firstly, Western views of Muslim writings on different religions started appearing as prefaces, marginal notes, and introductions to the edited manuscripts…[Read more]

]]> 0 efa410776b5d128336507ab0a907d29f https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1730419/ Sun, 07 Mar 2021 02:24:22 -0500 This paper discusses various interpretations about the emergence of the academic study of religion in the modern world. It is viewed that the expansion of Europe and resultant engagement of European consciousness with religious and cultural otherness played a role. Internally, the Enlightenment movement had prepared the ground for a critical and…[Read more]

]]> 0 61e197ff0f2578b885f7ad389b8ca34e https://hcommons.org/activity/p/1730418/ Sun, 07 Mar 2021 02:24:21 -0500 This paper discusses various interpretations about the emergence of the academic study of religion in the modern world. It is viewed that the expansion of Europe and resultant engagement of European consciousness with religious and cultural otherness played a role. Internally, the Enlightenment movement had prepared the ground for a critical and…[Read more]

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