Text Analysis is a broad term that covers many approaches and technologies. Those initially stemming from the academic sphere have come to enter the commercial, and today there is a wide interplay between the two. A further dichotomy is that between natural language and computational approaches. Over time, approaches have come to draw upon each other, although there are still clear dividing lines and practitioners tend to rely mainly on one approach or the other. This paper seeks to draw out these approaches and give an account of them over time. It also points to future developments where artificial intelligence is
increasingly used.