From the review of the most significant bibliography, the role that the library plays in the internationalization of the university is analyzed. In order to move forward in this field, it would be very convenient that Spanish academic libraries focus their resources and services in terms of internationalization, investigate the different library fields of activity, and publish outcomes. In the Spanish context, university library should be taken into account as an agent of internationalization, including this role in their strategic planning so that it becomes a transversal element of many of its goals and objectives.