• Cities have witnessed an agglomeration of COVID-19 cases, prompting questions regarding optimal densities and the future of urban and transportation planning. In this document, we explain how cities fight for infectious and non-infectious diseases by (a) reducing contact with vectors, (b) conserving wildlife (reservoir of potential pathogens), (c) promoting physical activity and reducing the risk of morbidity associated with overweight and chronic disease, and (d) reducing greenhouse gas emissions, on of the biggest threats to world health according to the World Health Organization.
    We outline the importance of city resilience for respiratory outbreaks, implementing physical distancing, barriers, and adequate ventilation. Finally, we explore equity considerations that should be considered in response to an outbreak.