• INNOVATIVE PROCESS SYSTEM CONSISTING OF DISSOLVED AIR FLOTATION, RECARBONATION AND FILTRATION AND USING LIME AND SODIUM ALUMINATE FOR REMOVAL OF HARDNESS, IRON AND MANGANESE FROM GROUNDWATER (Second Edition)

    Author(s):
    Lawrence K Wang (see profile) , Mu-Hao Sung Wang
    Editor(s):
    Hung-ping Tsao
    Date:
    2023
    Group(s):
    Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts and Mathematics (STEAM)
    Subject(s):
    Groundwater, Hardness, Water--Softening, Manganese, Water--Purification--Dissolved air flotation, Flocculation, Water--Purification--Filtration, Dictionaries
    Item Type:
    Book chapter
    Tag(s):
    sodium aluminate, lime, innovative chemical, innovative process, memoir, lenox institute of water technology, call for research
    Permanent URL:
    https://doi.org/10.17613/mrfv-tg80
    Abstract:
    This publication reports that (a) a new softening and Fe-Mn removal process system consisting of flocculation, dissolved air flotation (DAF), recarbonation and filtration has been demonstrated by continuous operation; (b) a new chemical combination including lime, sodium aluminate and carbon dioxide successfully removes Ca-Mg hardness, iron and manganese from groundwater; (c) innovative DAF (3-15 minutes detention time) cost-effectively replaces conventional sedimentation (4-6 hours detention); (d) DAF-filtration efficiently removes Fe-Mn without an additional oxidation step because of DAF aeration; (e) sodium aluminate enhances or replaces conventional soda ash for removal of non-carbonate hardness (NCH) due to aluminate's precipitating nature; (f) sodium aluminate improves manganese removal after DAF oxidation due to its flocculating nature; (g) useful terminologies of conventional and innovative softening processes for hardness, iron and manganese removal are provided. The authors call for further basic research regarding the chemistry of Ca-Mg removal by sodium aluminate noting that both calcium aluminate and magnesium aluminate are insoluble substances. Further call for research is directed toward simultaneous removal of hardness, Fe-Mn and dissolved organic matter (DOM) by new process systems and new chemical combinations. The author's new process systems and new chemical combinations can be applied to any manufacturers' process equipment. A groundwater having 15 NTU of turbidity, 216 mg/L as CaCO3 of total hardness, 3.56 mg/L of iron and 1.57 mg/L of manganese was successfully treated by the DAF, recarbonation and filtration process system and the new chemicals (sodium aluminate and lime).
    Notes:
    Softening process innovation, Terminologies, Glossary, Iron and manganese removal process innovation, flocculation, dissolved air flotation, recarbonation, filtration, chemical treatment innovation, sodium aluminate, lime, carbon dioxide, groundwater treatment, simultaneous hardness, iron and manganese removal, Sandfloat, Supracell, Aqua-DAF, Clari-DAF, Lenox Institute of Water Technology, memoir.
    Metadata:
    xml
    Published as:
    Book chapter     Show details
    Publisher:
    Lenox Institute Press, MA, USA.
    Pub. Date:
    July 2023
    Book Title:
    \"EVOLUTIONARY PROGRESS IN SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, ARTS AND MATHEMATICS (STEAM)\"
    Author/Editor:
    Wang, LK and Tsao, HP (eds.)
    Chapter:
    7A
    Page Range:
    1 - 43
    ISBN:
    978-0-9890870-3-2
    Status:
    Published
    Last Updated:
    6 months ago
    License:
    All Rights Reserved
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